冬季攪拌車增加油耗原因一:發(fā)動機燃燒穩(wěn)定性和效率變差.
The first reason for the increase of fuel consumption in winter: the engine combustion stability and efficiency become worse
冬天氣溫低,冷空氣遇到冷的燃油會造成發(fā)動機燃燒穩(wěn)定性和效率變得差:因為低溫使柴油比重變大,會噴得更遠,所以柴油霧化顆粒和缸壁碰撞機會更大(整個燃燒室燃燒效率低的就是缸壁);同時,低溫空氣會使燃燒壓力和燃燒溫度降低。
In winter, when the temperature is low, cold air meets cold fuel, which will lead to poor combustion stability and efficiency of the engine: because the low temperature makes the proportion of diesel fuel larger, it will spray farther, so diesel atomized particles have a greater chance to collide with the cylinder wall (the cylinder wall is the one with low combustion efficiency in the whole combustion chamber); At the same time, low temperature air will reduce the combustion pressure and combustion temperature.
一般電控柴油機在低溫環(huán)境下啟動以后會有一個低溫保護措施:提高怠速,有的車此時踩油門會沒有反應(yīng)。
Generally, after starting an electronically controlled diesel engine in a low temperature environment, there will be a low temperature protection measure: increase the idle speed, and some cars will not respond when stepping on the accelerator.
冬季增加油耗原因二:發(fā)動機進入正常工作水溫的時間會長
The second reason for increasing fuel consumption in winter is that the engine takes a long time to enter the normal operating water temperature
寒冷的氣溫條件下發(fā)動機進入正常工作水溫的時間也會變長,在發(fā)動機水溫逐漸升高的過程中,油耗是隨溫度升高而降低的,這個時間的變長意味著總油耗也會變大。
Under cold temperature conditions, the time for the engine to enter the normal operating water temperature will also be longer. When the engine water temperature gradually increases, the fuel consumption will decrease with the increase of temperature. A longer time means that the total fuel consumption will also increase.
須說明一點:提高水溫就是提高缸壁溫度,要想充分節(jié)油就不能讓水溫(缸壁溫度)太低,不管是什么季節(jié)。
It must be noted that increasing the water temperature means increasing the cylinder wall temperature. In order to fully save oil, the water temperature (cylinder wall temperature) must not be too low, no matter what season it is.
冬季增加油耗原因三:機油的選用是否正確
The third reason for increasing fuel consumption in winter: whether the selection of engine oil is correct
北方進入九月份以后專用車的各種油液也要改用冬季的了。對于機油我的建議是:拿出你的發(fā)動機使用手冊看上面對于機油和氣溫環(huán)境的對應(yīng)使用條件。
After September in the north, all kinds of oil for special vehicles will also be used in winter. My suggestion for engine oil is: take out your engine manual and read the corresponding operating conditions for engine oil and temperature environment.
一般現(xiàn)在使用的都是冬夏通用機油,也叫多級機油。我們知道后面的數(shù)字30.40.50是粘度等級,前面的數(shù)字0、5、10、15都是指的是冬天相對應(yīng)氣溫下的粘度等級,用-35℃攝氏度加上前面的數(shù)字就是可以使用的氣溫。
Generally, the engine oil used now is general oil for winter and summer, also called multi-stage oil. We know that the following figure 30.40.50 is the viscosity grade, and the preceding figures 0, 5, 10 and 15 refer to the viscosity grade at the corresponding temperature in winter. The temperature that can be used is - 35 ℃ Celsius plus the preceding figure.
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