在攪拌車啟動前,先要啟動發(fā)動機(jī)。這時應(yīng)使變速器處于空擋位置,將發(fā)動機(jī)與驅(qū)動車輪之間的聯(lián)系斷開,以卸除發(fā)動機(jī)負(fù)荷。待發(fā)動機(jī)已啟動并開始正常的怠速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)后,方可將變速器掛上一定的擋位,使攪拌車起步。
Before starting the mixer, start the engine first. At this time, the transmission should be in neutral position, and the connection between the engine and the driving wheel should be disconnected to remove the engine load. After the engine has started and started normal idle running, the transmission can be put into a certain gear to start the mixer.
攪拌車起步時,攪拌車是從完全靜止的狀態(tài)逐步加速的。如果傳動系統(tǒng)(它聯(lián)系著整個攪拌車)與發(fā)動機(jī)剛性地聯(lián)系,則變速器一掛上擋,攪拌車將突然向前沖動一下,而使發(fā)動機(jī)熄火。
When the mixer starts, it accelerates gradually from a completely static state. If the transmission system (which connects the whole mixer) is rigidly connected with the engine, as soon as the transmission is put into gear, the mixer will suddenly impulse forward, and the engine will shut down.
這是因?yàn)槠噺撵o止到前沖時,產(chǎn)生很大的慣性力,對發(fā)動機(jī)造成很大的阻力矩。在這個慣性阻力矩的作用下,發(fā)動機(jī)在瞬間轉(zhuǎn)速急劇下降到穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)速(一般為300~500r/min)以下,發(fā)動機(jī)即熄火而不能工作,當(dāng)然攪拌車也就不能起步。
This is because the car from static to forward, produce a lot of inertial force, cause a lot of resistance moment to the engine. Under the action of this moment of inertia resistance, the engine speed drops sharply to the lowest stable speed (generally 300-500 R / min) in an instant, and the engine stops and can't work. Of course, the mixer can't start.
在傳動系統(tǒng)中裝設(shè)了離合器后,在發(fā)動機(jī)啟動后,攪拌車啟動之前,駕駛員先踩下離合器踏板,將離合器分離,使發(fā)動機(jī)與傳動系統(tǒng)脫開,再將變速器掛上檔,然后逐漸松開離合器踏板,使離合器逐漸接合。
After the clutch is installed in the transmission system, after the engine is started and before the mixer is started, the driver first steps on the clutch pedal to separate the clutch, so as to separate the engine from the transmission system, then put the transmission into gear, and then gradually release the clutch pedal to gradually engage the clutch.
在離合器逐漸接合的過程中,發(fā)動機(jī)所受阻力矩也逐漸增加,故應(yīng)同時逐漸踩下油門踏板,即逐步增加對發(fā)動機(jī)燃油供應(yīng)量,使發(fā)動機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速始終保持在穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)速以上,不致熄火。
In the process of clutch engagement, the engine torque is also gradually increased, so the accelerator pedal should be gradually depressed at the same time, that is, the fuel supply to the engine should be gradually increased, so that the engine speed will always be maintained above the minimum stable speed, and the engine will not be flameout.
由于離合器的接合緊密程度逐漸增大,發(fā)動機(jī)經(jīng)傳動系傳給驅(qū)動車輪的轉(zhuǎn)矩便逐漸地增加。到牽引力足以客服起步阻力時,攪拌車即從靜止開始運(yùn)動并逐步加速。因此保證了混凝土罐車能平穩(wěn)起步。
As the clutch engagement degree increases gradually, the torque transmitted by the engine to the driving wheels through the transmission system increases gradually. When the traction is enough to meet the starting resistance, the mixer starts to move from static and accelerates gradually. Therefore, the concrete tank car can start smoothly.